The Gambia

The Gambia, located along the River Gambia in sub-Saharan West Africa, is the smallest country on the African continent. Bordering the Atlantic Ocean, it is surrounded by Senegal. Home to more than 1.5 million people, with a total area of approximately 11,300 square kilometers, The Gambia is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. There are six principal ethnic groups – Mandinka, Fula, Wolof, Jola, Serahule, and Aku (or Krio). While each group has its own language, English is the official language of the country. The Gambia achieved independence from Great Britain in 1965.

The country is just 50 kilometers wide at the Atlantic coast, narrowing to less than 20 kilometers further up river. The weather is tropical, with a hot rainy season from June to November, and a cooler dry season from November to May.

The Gambia has no significant mineral or natural resource deposits and has a limited agricultural base. About 75 percent of the population depends on crops and livestock for its livelihood. Small-scale manufacturing activity features the processing of peanuts, fish, and hides.